Worked examples for four real UK household types — and the three things that decide whether you pay back in 6 years or 12.
Most UK homes installing 4 kWp of solar in 2026 pay back in 9 to 13 years. That assumes today's electricity prices stay roughly flat (Ofgem cap 26p/kWh import, Oct-Dec 2026) and a SEG tariff anywhere from the 1p market floor up to 25p on a tariff tied to your installer. The low end of that payback range needs a market-leading export tariff; the high end is what a typical exporter on a widely available 6p tariff sees.
Three things move that number more than anything else: how much electricity you use during daylight hours, which SEG tariff you pick, and whether you add a battery.
Couple, both at the office. House uses 3,200 kWh/year, mostly evenings and weekends. A 4 kWp system on their semi produces 3,600 kWh/year. They self-consume 25% (900 kWh) and export 2,700 kWh.
Annual saving: 900 × 26p (avoided import) + 2,700 × 5.6p (EDF Variable Value, a basic SEG tariff) = £234 + £151 = £385/year. Install cost: £7,500. Payback: about 19-20 years.
This household should either skip solar, add a battery to push up self-consumption, or pick a higher-paying SEG tariff like Outgoing Octopus at 12p — which alone shortens payback to around 13 years.
Three kids, one parent at home, electric car charging overnight. House uses 5,800 kWh/year, ~40% during daylight. Same 4 kWp system, same 3,600 kWh production. They self-consume 60% (2,160 kWh), export 1,440 kWh.
Annual saving: 2,160 × 26p + 1,440 × 6p (Scottish Power SmartGen, open to any household) = £562 + £86 = £648/year. Install cost: £7,500. Payback: about 12 years.
Adding a battery pushes self-consumption toward the 75% typical of battery-equipped homes, further shortening payback — see our battery storage cost guide for current battery prices, which vary too much by capacity and brand to state a single figure here. The battery mainly earns its keep through cheap overnight import on a tariff like Octopus Go, which is a tariff decision more than a solar one.
House uses 4,400 kWh/year, mostly daytime. Same 4 kWp system. Self-consumption hits 70% (2,520 kWh), export 1,080 kWh.
Annual saving: 2,520 × 26p + 1,080 × 6p = £655 + £65 = £720/year. Install cost: £7,500. Payback: about 10.4 years.
This is the household solar was almost made for. No battery needed — they're using the electrons as they're produced.
Detached home, 6 kWp system, 10 kWh battery, EV charging mostly off solar in summer and Octopus Go overnight in winter.
This combination — larger system, battery, EV — saves the most in absolute terms through a mix of import avoidance, SEG export and cheaper EV charging, but the total install cost and payback period depend heavily on the battery and EV-charger prices you're quoted; get current figures from your installer and our battery storage cost guide rather than relying on a single national average.
Better than it looks: this household is also displacing some petrol/diesel spend by charging an EV from solar or cheap overnight rates, though the exact saving depends on mileage and vehicle.
Pick a high-paying SEG tariff. Good Energy's Solar Savings Exclusive (25p/kWh) and Intelligent Octopus Flux (23p/kWh) move payback most, though both require an install or import tariff tied to that supplier. Scottish Power SmartGen (6p/kWh) is the best rate open to any household regardless of installer or import supplier — some legacy default tariffs pay as little as 1p/kWh.
Shift loads to daylight: dishwasher and washing machine timers are free; immersion-heater diverters add £500 to install but save £150/year of gas.
Don't overspend on premium panels. The difference between a tier-1 LONGi panel and a SunPower Maxeon over 25 years is rarely worth the 30% price premium.